Abstract

AbstractIn this paper, PSO-based energy management system (EMS) for the system considering electric vehicles (EVs) is presented. PSO optimally balances the multi-constraint and multi-objective problems of the generating sources. The sources considered here are PV, wind, microturbine, and battery. The grid-connected microgrid is used to trade the power whenever possible. Demand response (DR) is used for scheduling EV. For DR, the water-filling algorithm is used. This algorithm shifts the EV from peak load hour to half peak load hour before EV’s traveling hours. Results show that the assimilation of DR with EMS is very effective by flattening the load curve and reducing the cost without violating any constraint.KeywordsMicrogridsEnergy Management System (EMS)Demand Response (DR)Electric Vehicles (EV)

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