Demand response aggregator coordinated two‐stage responsive load scheduling in distribution system considering customer behaviour

Abstract

A demand response aggregator (DRA)-coordinated load scheduling in distribution system with responsive loads is presented. The mutually exclusive scheduling objectives of demand response provider (DRP) and distribution network operator (DNO) are optimally compromised by DRA through incentive-based participation strategies of DRPs. Thus, the proposed methodology is a two-stage optimisation process in which the prioritised schedules (to minimise total electricity charges/cost) of DRP obtained through first-stage optimisation are rescheduled by DRA in the second-stage optimisation considering the system/DNO benefits. The proposed methodology considers the behaviour (risk averse nature, incentive favourable nature etc.) through DRPs registration in various participation strategies. The effectiveness of proposed methodology on techno-economic aspects/attributes is examined using IEEE 34 bus distribution system for different operating conditions. The sensitivity analysis include the effect of load schedules due to change in strategy election by DRPs, change in performance attributes with respect to the penetration levels of responsive loads. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of DRA-coordinated load scheduling over base case with no responsive loads as well as prioritised schedules of responsive loads by DRPs. The optimal compromise between the objectives of DRPs and DNO is observed in terms of system wide benefits and electricity charges/cost of DRPs. The variation of techno-economic aspects differs between DRPs-based schedules and DRA schedules at higher penetration levels.