Abstract
Integration Geographic Information System (GIS), hydrogeological, geoelectrical method involving Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) technique, coupled with the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) data mining technique were utilized with the aim to delineate the groundwater potential zones of Olorunda-Abaa area, Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria. Fifty-three (53) Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) measurements using Schlumberger electrode array, depth to Water Level (DWL) estimation and determination of depth to the bottom of Hand dug wells were carried out across the study area. Multi-criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique was applied to the factors controlling groundwater accumulation in the area. Weights were assigned and subsequently integrated in the ArcGIS environment using Arc Map 10.1 to develop the groundwater potential map of the investigated area. The geoelectric sections developed delineated four subsurface geological units consisting of the topsoil, weathered layer, partly weathered/fractured basement and the fresh bedrock. The VES gave depths to basement bedrock which generally range from 5.6 - 59.4 m. The groundwater conceptual model developed delineated five groundwater potential zones classified as low, medium, high and very high and validated with the thickness of water column obtained from wells over the entire study area. The groundwater potential map generated for the study area show that the medium to very high groundwater potential zones indicates the favourable area where groundwater development is feasible in the study area. This study concludes that the characterization of the groundwater potential zones in the study area can be adopted for future allocation of social amenities, planning, location, development and management of groundwater resources. Keywords: Hydrogeology, Geophysical, Multi-criteria Decision Analysis, Groundwater Potential, Basement Complex, Ibadan. DOI: 10.7176/JEES/11-5-08 Publication date: May 31 st 2021
Highlights
Water is an essential and a non-negotiable ingredient that supports life just like air
The very low and low overburden thickness values of 3.9 – 14.8 m and 14.8 – 25.2 m classes respectively occupied a small portion and it is found across the www.iiste.org www.iiste.org investigated area. These areas are characterized by very low to low groundwater potential zones are found in the west, central – eastern and north eastern part the investigated area (Fig. 3)
The area occupied by migmatite gneiss rock unit was considered to have greater storage capacity due to higher sand fraction in the weathered product than the undifferentiated schist and gneiss that are characterized with higher clayey fraction
Summary
Water is an essential and a non-negotiable ingredient that supports life just like air. The regular and adequate supply of potable and good quality water in the twenty first century in Nigeria depends on ability of individuals and Government Agencies such as State Water Corporation to sink a well or drill a borehole for his/her household, the community and industries at large. The use of water extends to various purposes such as industrial, domestic, agricultural, construction and recreational. Boreholes may be appropriate for domestic and recreational purposes when the supply is in adequate quantity. Factors such as wide availability of groundwater, its low capital development, cost and normally excellent natural quality are leading to rapid development of groundwater resources (Foster and Chilton, 1993). The existence of fracture zone in a geologic medium can assist in creating groundwater conduit medium which can aid groundwater accumulation, migration and extraction (Hazell et al, 1988)
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