Delineating the antiproliferative activity of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on human breast cancer cells

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: The proliferation of breast cancer cells indicates that the malignancy is progressing to lethal forms. The development and progression of neoplastic cells are typically thought to be reliant on high cell proliferation and low apoptosis rates. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) aid in prevention of breast carcinoma. The current study objective is to evaluate the dietary PUFAs antiproliferative effect on human breast cancer cells. Material and Methods: The study utilized MDA MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines which are specific to breast cancer. Cells were supplemented with free PUFAs after attaining 70% confluency in a cell viability assay. The cytotoxic effects of dietary PUFAs on these cells were assessed using MTT. Cell proliferation was analyzed using cell scratch assay and colony formation assay. Results: Dietary PUFAs reduced cell proliferation in a dose dependent way. Treatment with PUFA reduced cell growth, hindered colony formation and decreased migration in both the cell lines of breast carcinoma. Conclusion: The current research findings suggest that dietary PUFAs have an antiproliferative impact on human breast cancer cell lines and require further detailed study to identify the specific molecular mechanisms through which they exert anti-proliferative effect on breast cancer cells.