Delayed Presentations and Worse Outcomes After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in the Early COVID-19 Era

Abstract

The early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic led to significant healthcare avoidance, perhaps explaining some of the excess reported deaths that exceeded known infections. The impact of the early COVID-19 era on aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) care remains unclear. To determine the impact of the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on latency to presentation, neurological complications, and clinical outcomes after aSAH. We performed a retrospective cohort study from March 2, 2012, to June 30, 2021, of all patients with aSAH admitted to our center. The early COVID-19 era was defined as March 2, 2020, through June 30, 2020. The pre-COVID-19 era was defined as the same interval in 2012 to 2019. Among 499 patients with aSAH, 37 presented in the early COVID-19 era. Compared with the pre-COVID-19 era patients, patients presenting during this early phase of the pandemic were more likely to delay presentation after ictus (median, interquartile range; 1 [0-4] vs 0 [0-1] days, respectively, P < .001). Radiographic-delayed cerebral ischemia (29.7% vs 10.2%, P < .001) was more common in the early COVID-19 era. In adjusted analyses, presentation in the early COVID-19 era was independently associated with increased inhospital death or hospice disposition (adjusted odds ratio 3.29 [1.02-10.65], P = .046). Both latency and adverse outcomes returned to baseline in 2021. aSAH in the early COVID-19 era was associated with delayed presentation, neurological complications, and worse outcomes at our center. These data highlight how healthcare avoidance may have increased morbidity and mortality in non-COVID-19-related neurosurgical disease.