Abstract
Objective:To determine the disease severity in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), at baseline and the impact of treatment on disease activity (DA) after six months of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) therapy.Methods:This prospective study was conducted at the ‘Rheumatology Clinic’ of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, from June 2014 to May 2015. A total of 111 patients, with the diagnosis of RA were included in the study. DA was calculated using ‘Clinical Disease Activity Index’ (CDAI) score at base line and after 6 months of DMARDs therapy.Results:Out of 111 patients, 17 (15.3%) were male and 94 (84.7%) were female. The mean age was 37.16±11.3 years and the mean duration of joint pain was 3.8±3.6 years (median 2.5 years). The mean Hb was 10.8±1.8 g/dl and the mean ESR at baseline was 59.63±30.9 mm/Hr. The mean initial CDAI score was 18.14±11.69; reflecting moderate to severe disease. Of all of these patients, 32 (28.8%) patients received monotherapy, 78 (70.3%) received dual therapy and 1(0.9%) was given triple DMARDs therapy. The mean ESR was 39.5±27.31 mm/Hr, and mean CDAI was 7.36±7.8 with a median of 6.0 after 6 months of DMARDs treatment.Conclusion:The CDAI score and the ESR reflected that majority of our patients were in remission or at low disease activity, after six months of DMARDs therapy. It is possible to control DA in RA, in a low resource health care facility with conventional DMARDs therapy. Continuity of treatment was ensured through motivation, regular supply of drugs and regular follow-up.
Highlights
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder, which has a significant negative impact on an individual’s quality of life and activities of daily living
Disease activity was calculated by using Clinical Disease Activity Index’ (CDAI), and patients and patients were grouped into remission 4 (3.6%) patients, low disease activity (DA) 30 (27.0%) patients, moderate DA 50 (45.0%) patients and severe DA 27 (24.3%) patients. (Fig.1)
The mean initial CDAI score was 18.14±11.69 that reflected moderate to severe disease at the time of presentation in our clinic
Summary
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder, which has a significant negative impact on an individual’s quality of life and activities of daily living. Current recommendations focus on an early aggressive therapy in accordance with disease activity (DA) to achieve remission.[1] The use of composite disease activity tools in RA help in prompt and early treatment, in order to halt disease progression. There has been a rapid addition of biological drugs for the treatment of RA over last decade. Treatment with biological agents is quite expensive and entails potential long term side effects. Methotrexate (MTX) is considered to be the first line DMARD to initiate RA treatment.[3] The aim of this study was to ascertain the outcome of treatment in terms of improvement in DA and to halt the progression of disease via the use of conventional DMARDs in patients with RA
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