Abstract
Abstract The high degree of cross-reactivity of Envelope (E) protein specific antibody responses between ZIKV and DENV made it difficult to perform differential diagnosis between the two infections using standard ELISA method for E protein. The analyses of the sequential serum samples from ZIKV infected individuals showed NS1 specific Abs appeared two weeks later than E specific Abs. Notably, there is none cross-reactivity to NS1 proteins from all four DENV serotypes in human sera from ZIKV infection. Furthermore, four out of five NS1-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) isolated from ZIKV infected individuals did not bind to DENV NS1 proteins. Only limited cross-binding to ZIKV NS1 was displayed in 108 DENV1 immune sera at 1:100 dilution. The high degree of NS1-specific Abs in both ZIKV and DENV infection revealed here suggest that NS1-based diagnostics would significantly improve the differential diagnosis between DENV and ZIKV.
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