Deicing properties of sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium chlorides, sodium formate and salt compositions on their basis

Abstract

The deicing properties (ice eutectic point and ice-melting ability) have been determined for sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium chlorides, sodium formate, and compositions on their basis. It has been determined that, with the addition of large amounts (33–66%) of potassium chloride to sodium, magnesium, and calcium chlorides, the deicing properties of obtained compositions worsen compared to the properties of individual salts (the ice eutectic point increases and the ice melting ability decreases). Small additives of sodium formate (3–7%) or potassium chloride (10%) and sodium formate (3–7%) altogether to the compositions based on sodium and calcium chlorides do not improve their deicing properties, but substantially increase the cost of reagents. The use of the additives of the indicated substances within deicing compositions, as well as the use of potassium chloride and sodium formate as individual salts, as DRs for road network, rural roads, and main roads has been considered unreasonable.