Abstract
Water released during clay dehydroxylation was measured using a small reactor coupled to a mass spectrometer. Dehydroxylation of Rundle montmorillonite and Nagoorin kaolinite occurs over the temperature ranges 250–700 °C and 280–600 °C, respectively. The low temperature of montmorillonite decomposition suggests iron substitution for aluminium in the crystal lattice (a nontronite structure). The montmorillonite dehydroxylation kinetics best fit a diffusion-controlled reaction in a sphere (a D(3) mechanism) to about 80% reaction. Kaolinite dehydroxylation is best represented by second-order kinetics (to at least 90% of reaction). Activation energies for the dehydroxylation reactions were determined as 145 ± 15 and 99 ± 8 kJ mol −1 for kaolinite and montmorillonite, respectively.
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