Abstract
Dehydration can either proceed as a two-step mechanism (E1 or E1cB) or as a one-step mechanism (E2). In the dehydration of 2-butanol-2- d 1 according to a two-step mechanism, a loss of deuterium in all butenes would be observed; in a concerted mechanism the original content of deuterium would be retained. The dehydration of 2-butanol-2- d 1 and 2-butanol- d 0 was studied over Ca 3(PO 4) 2, BPO 4, Ba 3(PO 4) 2, CaHPO 4, and AlPO 4 in the range of temperature between 150 and 460 °C using microcatalytic and mass spectrometric techniques. The catalytic reactivity of deuterated and undeuterated butanols is equal. From the loss of deuterium in the butenes, a minimum value of the percentage of the two-step mechanism is estimated. The visible maximum value is obtained from the yield of 2-butene in the dehydration of 1-butanol. The loss of deuterium of 2-butanol-2- d 1 (caused by two-step mechanisms) is taken into account for correcting former results. Eighty-eight and eighty-one percent syn E2 were found over Ca 3(PO 4) 2 at 300 and 400 °C, respectively. After correction, 89% syn E2 were obtained at 300 °C and 88% at 400 °C. This shows the temperature dependence of the percentage of the E1 mechanism.
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