Dehydration and Degradation Kinetics of Bioactive Compounds for Mandarin Slices Under Vacuum and Oven Drying Conditions

Abstract

In this study, the dehydration and degradation kinetics of bioactive compounds of mandarin slices were observed under oven and vacuum drying conditions at 55, 65 and 75C. The dehydration kinetics of the mandarin slices was described by seven thin-layer drying models. The Page model with R2 of 0.992–0.999 was determined to be the best model. Degradation kinetics of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity and vitamin C content were described using a first-order kinetics model with R2 of 0.838–0.979. Despite the faster drying, degradation of the total phenolic and flavonoid content increased under vacuum. However, the vitamin C degradation of mandarin slices in oven drying was two times more than in vacuum drying. The antioxidant capacity was protected at the lower temperature for vacuum drying, the opposite of oven drying. In addition, oven drying generally caused more color changes and required more energy. Practical Applications Mandarin is an important phytochemical source. The drying process can damage the phytochemical compounds dependent on drying methods and treatment conditions. The article describes dehydration kinetics and degradation kinetics for total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant capacities and vitamin C content in mandarin slices under different conditions. The change in phytochemical compounds in mandarin was presented for choosing drying methods and conditions.