Degree and onset of mydriasis caused by mydriatic agents with special reference to tobacco addiction

Abstract

Introduction: The quality of an intra-ocular examination depends on adequate pupil dilation (mydriasis). Magnitude of dilation depends on sphincter and dilator muscles of pupil. Most frequently used drugs in ophthalmology for mydriasis are parasympathetic antagonists (Tropicamide), sympathetic agonist (Phenylephrine) and combination of Phenylephrine + Tropicamide. This study was planned to evaluate and compare onset and degree of mydriasis achieved by the above drugs and to study changes in the same in tobacco addicts. Aim: To evaluate and compare the onset and degree of mydriasis achieved by Tropicamide (1%), Phenylephrine(10%), Tropicamide (0.8%) +Phenylephrine (5%) combination. To compare the changes in onset and degree of Mydriasis in tobacco addicts. Materials & Methods:This is a descriptive cross sectional study carried out in the ophthalmology department of PRH, Loni. Total of 52 patients were enrolled for the study and grouped according to the mydriatics used into Group 1 (n=25) Tropicamide (1%) ,Group 2(n=18) Phenylephrine (10%) Group 3(n=20) Tropicamide (0.8%) + Phenylephrine (5%) combination and each group were evaluated for onset and degree of dilatation. Each group was further divided into tobacco and non-tobacco addicts. Results & Conclusion: The combination of Tropicamide (0.8%) and Phenylephrine (5%) have the fastest onset of mydriasis, and achieved the highest dilation in 60 min. as compared to Tropicamide (1%) and Phenylephrine (10%) alone. Tobacco addicts in each group were observed to have lesser magnitude of dilation than non tobacco addicts.