Abstract
It was aimed to evaluate the ruminal degradability, and the fractioning of carbohydrates, as well as of the nitrogen fractions of triticale silages in singular culture or in mixtures with oats and/or legumes. The treatments had been: triticale silage (X. Triticosecale Wittimack ) (ST); triticale silage + forage pea ( Pisum arvense ) (STE); triticale silage + oats ( Avena strigosa Scheb) + forage pea + vetch ( Vicia sativa ) (STAE). Three castrated bovine Prim’Holstein males had been used, with average live weight of 300 kg, having ruminal cannulas. The incubation times had duration of 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Fractions, a , c and ED of the DM of STAE silage was higher (30,33; 0,026 and 45,45%) than others silages. Fraction b of the DM of ST silage was higher (58,45%) than STE silages (45,36%) and STAE (44,37%). In CP the ST silage presented higher fraction (72.12%). For the potentially degradability fraction ( b ) of CP it was not observed difference among treatments. The degradation rate ( c ) of the CP was higher for STE silage (0.063%) than ST ensilage (0,012%), however this was similar to the STAE (0,045%). ED of CP was better for STE silage (77,71%). ST silage presented fraction a and b for NDF highest (8,62 and 81,99%) than others silages. The degradation rate ( c ) of NDF was higher for STAE (0,027%). ED for NDF did not present difference among treatments. ST silage presented the best values for the total carbohydrates (83,97%) than STE (79,87%) and STAE silages (76,77%). STE and STAE silages presented better DM degradability and suggest to be a potential source of non degradable protein in the rumen. The exclusive triticale silage revealed superior with regard to the degradability of fiber fraction, also presenting higher amount of total carbohydrates potentially degraded.
Highlights
It was aimed to evaluate the ruminal degradability, and the fractioning of carbohydrates, as well as of the nitrogen fractions of triticale silages in singular culture or in mixtures with oats and/or legumes
The degradation rate (c) of the CP was higher for STE silage (0.063%) than ST ensilage (0,012%), this was similar to the STAE (0,045%)
The degradation rate (c) of NDF was higher for STAE (0,027%)
Summary
O experimento foi realizado no Setor de Nutrição de Ruminantes da Fazenda Experimental de Iguatemi e no Laboratório de Análise de Alimentos e Nutrição Animal - LANA, ambos pertencentes ao Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, com colaboração do INRA-França - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - na produção e confecção das silagens. As silagens foram confeccionadas em silos, tipo bunker, com capacidade para cerca de 60 toneladas de silagem. Após 120 dias de armazenagem, os silos foram abertos para utilização. As amostragens foram realizadas a cada período de 21 dias de utilização das silagens. Misturadas as silagens de cada amostragem, formando uma amostra composta, e para o fracionamento de carboidratos e frações nitrogenadas foram utilizadas as amostras correspondentes a cada período de utilização, sendo cada um desses de 21 dias. A determinação da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ácido (FDA), e lignina (LIG) foi obtida de acordo com Van Soest et al (1991). O nitrogênio insolúvel em detergente neutro (NIDN) e o nitrogênio insolúvel em detergente ácido (NIDA) foram dosados nos resíduos de FDN e FDA, respectivamente. Os dados da composição química das silagens estão apresentados na (Tabela 1)
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