Abstract
Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a leading cause of spinal cord injury and a major contributor to morbidity resulting from narrowing of the spinal canal due to osteoarthritic changes. This narrowing produces chronic spinal cord compression and neurologic disability with a variety of symptoms ranging from mild numbness in the upper extremities to quadriparesis and incontinence. Clinicians from all specialties should be familiar with the early signs and symptoms of this prevalent condition to prevent gradual neurologic compromise through surgical consultation, where appropriate. The purpose of this review is to familiarize medical practitioners with the pathophysiology, common presentations, diagnosis, and management (conservative and surgical) for DCM to develop informed discussions with patients and recognize those in need of early surgical referral to prevent severe neurologic deterioration.
Highlights
Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is the leading cause of spinal cord injury [1,2], resulting in major disability and reduced quality of life
DCM results from narrowing of the spinal canal due to osteoarthritic changes
This narrowing leads to chronic spinal cord compression and neurologic disability
Summary
Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is the leading cause of spinal cord injury [1,2], resulting in major disability and reduced quality of life. DCM results from narrowing of the spinal canal due to osteoarthritic changes. This narrowing leads to chronic spinal cord compression and neurologic disability. Clinicians should note that paresthesia in the extremities may be the first sign and is frequently overlooked by patients and providers due to its mild nature. This variable pattern of presenting symptoms may lead to a delay in diagnosis of up to 2 years [4]
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