Degenerative Cartilage Lesions of the Medial Knee Compartment. Associated Factors, Operative Options, and Preliminary Results from the CartilageRegistry DGOU

Abstract

This study was aimed to determine the impact of bioregenerative operations in case of degenerative cartilage lesions within the media knee compartment. The CartilageRegistry DGOU was founded in 2013. At the deadline August 2016 a total of 1847 patients were included. A total of 23.3% (n = 432) was suffering from a degenerative cartilage lesion in the medial compartment. Follow-up was performed after 6, 12, and 24 months (online evaluation). The patients were asked for their subject feeling as well as the KOOS (Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) was determined. Most of the patients (n = 358) suffered from a single femoral lesion. In 25 cases single tibial and in 49 cases combined defects ("kissing lesions") were addressed by different treatment options: 39.9% autologous chondrocyte transplantation, in 8.1% in combination with a spongiosa plasty. Other treatments were drilling, microfracturing with or without matrix. In 17.9% the surgeons had chosen combined methods. The bioregenerative treatment was combined with a concomitant operation in 39.7% in patients with medial, in 56.0% in patients with a tibial, and in 67.9% in patients with combined defects. The mostly performed additional operations were osteotomies. There were no gender differences at baseline or during follow-up. The history of patients with femoral defects was shorter than in the other groups. The patients with medial defects judged the subjective outcome significant more frequently better after 6, 12, or 24 months compared with the other groups. The KOOS raised from baseline (median 52 points) to a median of 75 after 6, to 78 points after 12, and to 80 points after 24 months. Patients with femoral defects had a better KOOS-outcome in tendency. Revision operations were required in 7.1%. The treatment of degenerative cartilage lesions (respective early OA) by bioregenerative procedures are well-established measures. These treatments are sufficient to produce high patients' satisfaction and acceptable short/midterm results.