Abstract
Presented here is a total-Lagrangian displacementbased finite-element formulation for plates and shells undergoing large displacements and rotations. The theory fully accounts for geometric nonlinearities (large rotations),general initial curvatures, and extensionality by using Jaumann stress and strain measures, an exact coordinate transformation, and a new concept of orthogonal virtual rotations. Moreover, transverse shear deformations are accounted for by using a first-order shear deformation theory with shear correction factors obtained by matching the shear strain energy and stress resultants with those of a layerwise higher-order shear deformation theory. A test fixture has been built for bending tests with different loading conditions. Large static deformation tests on a cantilevered steel plate have been performed. Methods of measuring large deformations involving large rotations and influence of gravity are studied. Experimental results are compared with finite-element results, and it shows that the finite-element model is accurate in predicting large deformations of flexible two-dimensional structures.
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