Abstract
The conditions necessary for mechanical twin nucleation are considered. It is concluded that a high elastic strain energy accumulation must precede twin nucleation, and that twin formation provides an efficient means of excess energy accommodation. It is suggested that the significance of the resolved shear stresses present is limited to the slip deformation, which must precede, accompany, and follow twin formation in real crystals. The resultant shear deformation is not inherent in twinning itself, but originates in the associated slip. In the absence of slip, in a perfect crystal, twins can form by atom shuffles requiring no overall shear.
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