Abstract
With the rapid development of nano-preparation processes, nanocrystalline materials have been widely developed in the fields of mechanics, electricity, optics, and thermal physics. Compared to the case of coarse-grained or amorphous materials, plastic deformation in nanomaterials is limited by the reduction in feature size, so that they generally have high strength, but the toughness is relatively high. The “reciprocal relationship” between the strength and toughness of nanomaterials limits the large-scale application and development of nanomaterials. Therefore, the maintenance of high toughness while improving the strength of nanomaterials is an urgent problem to be solved. So far, although the relevant mechanism affecting the deformation of nanocrystalline materials has made a big breakthrough, it is still not very clear. Therefore, this paper introduces the basic deformation type, mechanism, and model of single crystals, polycrystalline materials, and thin films, and aims to provide literature support for future research.
Highlights
In recent years, nanostructured materials have become a rapidly developing multidisciplinary research field
The high resistance of some nanocrystalline materials to fracture is mostly attributed to special deformation modes, such as lattice dislocation slip [13,14], cross slip [15,16], coble creep [17,18], rotational deformation [19,20], grain boundary slip [21,22], grain boundary migration [23,24], and nanoscale twin deformation [25,26]
The plastic deformation of crystals is a complicated process and it is of significance to study the deformation mechanism
Summary
In recent years, nanostructured materials have become a rapidly developing multidisciplinary research field. The nanostructured material contains a large number of grain boundaries or other interfaces, and has extremely high interfacial strengthening ability, exhibiting distinctive mechanical properties. The high resistance of some nanocrystalline materials to fracture is mostly attributed to special deformation modes, such as lattice dislocation slip [13,14], cross slip [15,16], coble creep [17,18], rotational deformation [19,20], grain boundary slip [21,22], grain boundary migration [23,24], and nanoscale twin deformation [25,26] These special modes of plastic deformation release high stress concentrations and hinder the nucleation of nanocracks; they can slow down or organize the expansion of existing cracks. This paper briefly reviews the development and deformation mechanisms of nanostructured materials, focuses on the analysis and discussion of the effects of various nanostructure defects on the microstructure evolution and strengthening mechanism of materials, and improves readability into the multiscale methods of deformation mechanisms of nanomaterials and thin-film materials
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