Abstract
Hierarchical twinning, at multiple length scales, was noted in a metastable body-centered cubic (bcc) β-titanium alloy on tensile deformation. Site-specific characterization within the deformation bands, carried out using EBSD and TEM, revealed {332} <113> type primary bcc twins, containing different variants of secondary and tertiary twins, as well as the formation of stress-induced martensite (α”). Within the primary {332} <113> type twin, “destruction” of the prior quenched-in athermal ω phase was observed, while a stress-induced ω phase reforms within the tertiary twins, revealing the intricate nature of coupling between deformation twinning and displacive ω transformation.
Highlights
It should be noted that the formation of this unique type of twin is often associated with systems which form diffusionless transformation products, such as athermal omega and stress induced martensitic (SIM), though the relationship between the two is still not very well understood
Based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) dark-field images, the ωath was found to be homogenously distributed throughout the β-matrix and these particles have
Surface relief can be clearly observed in the system due to the tensile deformation and these images reveal twinning occurring at multiple length scales across the sample
Summary
It should be noted that the formation of this unique type of twin is often associated with systems which form diffusionless transformation products, such as athermal omega (ωath) and SIM, though the relationship between the two is still not very well understood. While there have been previous reports on the interaction between slip and ωath, leading to the formation of ω-free channels in the β matrix[3,16,17,18,19], there have been no previous reports on the interaction between deformation twins and the prior existing ωath. The present paper focuses on the hierarchical nature of deformation twinning and its interaction with prior existing ωath precipitates, during quasi-static tensile deformation of a metastable β-Ti alloy
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