Abstract
Titanium alloys possessing Twinning and Transformation Induced Plasticity effects show promising mechanical properties, particularly high ductility, hardenability, impact and fracture toughness. This work focuses on a strain-transformable, coarse-grained β-Ti-Cr-Sn alloy displaying TWIP effect. To account for the enhanced properties of this alloy, compared to more conventional β-Ti alloys, fracture and deformation features were correlated at different scales. Examinations evidenced a major role of twinning and, more generally, of plasticity-induced phenomena in the ductile fracture process. The resistance of this alloy to plastic deformation (work-hardening), and to crack initiation and propagation is interpreted in view of the progressive, multiscale twinning mechanisms that occur up to the very final stages of fracture.
Highlights
Conventional β-titanium alloys show moderate ductility and work-hardening, which limit their use in some structural applications despite their moderate density
To account for the enhanced properties of this alloy, compared to more conventional β-Ti alloys, fracture and deformation features were correlated at different scales
The ductility of twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) steels stems from high work-hardening that delays strain localization but twins cannot deform themselves, so that fracture occurs abruptly right after the onset of necking [17]
Summary
Conventional β-titanium alloys show moderate ductility (typically, around 15 %) and work-hardening (typically, around 80 MPa), which limit their use in some structural applications despite their moderate density. The concept of twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) austenitic steels with improved properties, through the “dynamic Hall-Petch” effect (progressive microstructural refinement), was transposed to bcc β-titanium alloys. This led to a new generation of strain-transformable β-Ti alloys, with much higher ductility and work hardenability than those of conventional β-Ti alloys [1]. A semi-empirical approach was used to design these new alloys, linking chemistry to deformation mechanisms. This method was successfully used on binary, ternary and quaternary alloys [2]. A new method to link fracture and plastic deformation features is firstly presented and applied under various mechanical testing conditions; a fracture scenario is proposed for this alloy
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