Deflection angle of light by wormholes using the Gauss–Bonnet theorem

Abstract

In this paper, we have investigated the deflection angle of light by wormholes using a new geometrical method known as Gibbons–Werner method (GW). In particular, we have calculated the deflection angle of light in the weak limit approximation in two wormhole space–time geometries: Ellis wormhole and Janis–Newman–Winnicour (JNW) wormhole. We have employed the famous Gauss–Bonnet theorem (GBT) to the Ellis wormhole optical geometry and JNW wormhole optical geometry, respectively. By using GBT, we computed the deflection angles in leading orders by these wormholes and our results were compared with the ones in the literature.