Abstract
To create a fire retardant coating that can be applied in the hydrocarbon fire, the nanocomposites of the ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer with montmorillonite (MMT), thermally expanded graphite (EG) are synthesized and their structure, physicochemical and thermal properties are studied. Using IR spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis, it is found that the EVA nanocomposites with montmorillonite and nanographite obtained in solution and melt have the same structure. Thermal-oxidative degradation of the EVA copolymer and nanocomposites on its basis in the temperature range of 100–700 °C is investigated. It is proved that nanoclay and nanographite as a part of nanocomposites increase thermal characteristics of the original polymers. The thermal stability of the studied compounds increases in the series: polymer<polymer-EG<polymer-MMT <polymer-MMT-EG. It is shown that the presence of nanoparticles in the polymer matrix reduces the EVA thermal decomposition rate at a temperature above 450 °C and increases the coke residue mass after the destruction of the initial EVA copolymer at a temperature of 250 °C. The synergistic effect of the MMT/EG mixture on the processes of slowing down the thermal degradation of the EVA copolymer is found. The effect of organomodified montmorillonite and graphite in the EVA nanocomposites on the thermal destruction of the intumescent system of ammonium polyphosphate/melamine/pentaerythritol is studied. The synergistic effect of the mixture of clay and graphite nanoparticles in a hybrid nanocomposite is revealed. Synergism consists in increased fire resistance of metal structures by almost 20 % compared with the coating containing the polymer-nanoclay or polymer-nanographite nanocomposite. Based on the results obtained, the intumescent base of fire retardant paint for steel structures, which is recommended for use to increase the fire-resistance rating of metal in the hydrocarbon fire is developed
Highlights
Fire protection of building structures by treatment with special fire retardants is a mandatory measure, regulated by national construction standards
The aim of the study is to explore the effect of the nanocomposites based on the ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer on the fire protection efficiency of the intumescent system ammonium polyphosphate/pentaerythritol/ melamine (APP/PER/MA)
It was proved that 2–4 % of nanoclay and 2.5–6.5 % of nanographite in the EVA nanocomposites increase the temperature of oxidative decomposition of EVA by 10-25 °C
Summary
Fire protection of building structures by treatment with special fire retardants is a mandatory measure, regulated by national construction standards. – increase reliability and efficiency of fire retardant coatings of critical building and infrastructure facilities in compliance with the requirements for fire safety of facilities in accordance with the Regulation (EU) No 305/2011;. It should be noted that, in addition to fire protection efficiency and environmental parameters, new generation coatings must be resistant to the environment, moisture, L. This, on the one hand, significantly extends the life of fire retardant coatings, and, on the other hand, keeps its original fire protection efficiency. The necessity and urgency of creating reliable fire retardant coatings with increased efficiency are due to the recently increased threats of terrorist attacks and wars with the use of heavy and explosive weapons
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