Abstract
Purpose: to study prevalence and main risk factors for overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 6–17 and develop appropriate prevention measures. 
 Materials and Methods. Bibliographic, statistical and sociological methods.
 Results. It is noted an insufficient level of registration of obesity among children. During the study it was found that true prevalence of obesity and overweight in children and adolescents in Kharkiv is significantly different from the official statistics in Kharkiv region ((151.0±5.2)‰). 22 factors of risk had a reliable impact on the development of overweight in children and adolescents. The main risk factors for the formation of the overweight were biological and social and hygienic. Based on the results of the research it was proved that the key measures to reduce the prevalence of obesity and its consequences should be aimed at modifying risk factors, namely: changing stereotypes and habitats that contribute to pathology and at improving the quality of health care, basically at the primary level. Thus priority measures for improvement the quality of health care for children and adolescents with obesity should include: mandatory monitoring of body mass index among children from the age of 3 and assessment of the harmony of physical development; introduction of an information system for accounting, monitoring of obesity and overweight and the main risk factors (electronic medical record of the patient); introduction of patient registers at the territorial and regional level; preferential supervision by the family doctor, involvement of all experts; raising public awareness at the group, individual level; timely identification of risk factors, formation of risk groups, organization of dynamic monitoring, creation of differentiated prevention programs and study of public awareness of the main risks of overweight; advanced training of doctors, conducting training seminars on nutrition.
 Conclusions. Thus, to solve the problem of obesity in children such structures as local governments, educational institutions, healthcare institutions and public organizations should be obligatory involved. Special attention is paid to measures to optimize medical care at the primary level for such children.
Highlights
IntroductionIt is important to note that childhood obesity often leads to overweight in adults and entails health problems and economic consequences, both for the individual and for society as a whole
Obesity in children is one of the main problems of contemporary Health care due to its high prevalence, complex adverse health effects, the risk of complications and low effectiveness of existing treatments.It is important to note that childhood obesity often leads to overweight in adults and entails health problems and economic consequences, both for the individual and for society as a whole
Based on the results of the research it was proved that the key measures to reduce the prevalence of obesity and its consequences should be aimed at modifying risk factors, namely: changing stereotypes and habitats that contribute to pathology and at improving the quality of health care, basically at the primary level
Summary
It is important to note that childhood obesity often leads to overweight in adults and entails health problems and economic consequences, both for the individual and for society as a whole. This is due to the disability of patients of working age and the reduction in overall life expectancy, which is a consequence of severe comorbidities and disorders. Obesity causes digestive, endocrine, orthopedic and other disorders, sleep apnea, reduces resistance to colds and infectious diseases and dramatically increases the risk of complications from surgery and trauma.
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