Defining The Optimal Duration Of Familiarization For An INT Intervention For Children With Autism

Abstract

PURPOSE: A period of familiarization to exercise interventions is recommended for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Unknown, however, is how long this familiarization period should be to ensure optimal engagement in the exercise intervention. To address this gap in understanding, this study sought to define the required duration needed for a familiarization period for a school-based integrative neuromuscular training (INT) intervention for children with ASD. METHODS: Nine children (6.9 years ±1.5) with a diagnosis of ASD were recruited to complete a school-based INT intervention, partaking in three, one-hour weekly sessions for seven weeks. The INT intervention was implemented via games aimed at the interests of the children and was adapted to each child’s specific needs. Pedometer data were collected for seven weeks, and the average number of steps taken per week were calculated. Completion of the familiarization period was denoted by a significant increase in step count between weeks, followed by a plateau or continued increase in subsequent weeks. Data were analysed using a one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's post hoc analysis, to identify changes in step counts over time. Statistical significance was set at an alpha level of p < 0.05. RESULTS: There was a significant effect for time over the seven weeks (p < 0.01). Post hoc analysis displayed significant differences and a greater number of steps taken following week five (p < 0.05) with no significant increases in steps between weeks five, six, and seven suggesting a plateau occurred. Steps averaged 48 ± 9.6 per minute for week one and increased to an average of 68 ± 4.9 per minute for week seven. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that a familiarization period of four weeks is needed when introducing an INT intervention to children with ASD.