Abstract

Vague definitions and an unclear understanding of “research reproducibility” have contributed to confusion in the scientific community. In a recent article published in Science Translational Medicine , Goodman et al. showed that the number of studies concerning research reproducibility has been steadily increasing since the 1970s, and that reproducibility and replicability are frequently used interchangeably (1). According to a US National Science Foundation subcommittee on replicability in science, reproducibility is the ability to duplicate results using the same raw data; replicability is the ability of a study to duplicate results with newly collected data (2). To illustrate confusion concerning these terms, a former director of the US National Institutes of Health (Francis Collins) …

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