Abstract
Student engagement has been widely studied and has been linked to success in academic achievement. This paper focuses on contextualizing student engagement in classroom by discussing the different definition based on previous related studies on student engagement. It will answer questions on the different definitions on student engagement have been developed in previous studies and what are the factors contributing to students’ engagement in classrooms. It is found that good engagement is defined by the quality of engagement shown in relation to the kind and context of attachment. Three factors related to a good engagement were identified which are family factor, school factor and peer factor. This paper implies on the need for support from different parties for positive student engagement in schools.
Highlights
The interest on student engagement has long been explored when in the early 1920’s by John Dewey, an education figure who began studying the question of why students were bored and did not engage with school
This paper focuses on contextualizing student engagement in classroom by discussing the different definition based on previous related studies on student engagement
Teacher support is important in influencing students’ engagement in academics which in turn contributes to the success of students in school
Summary
The interest on student engagement has long been explored when in the early 1920’s by John Dewey, an education figure who began studying the question of why students were bored and did not engage with school. Students who demonstrate active involvement in school are said to have high academic achievement (Leonard, 2008; Fredricks, Blumenfeld, & Paris, 2004; Smith, Ito, Gruenewald, & Yeh, 2010; Sirin & Rogers-Sirin, 2005; Appleton, Christenson, & Furlong, 2008) and has positive attitudes (Smith, Ito, Gruenewald, & Yeh, 2010; Fletcher, 2007; Morse, Christenson, & Lehr, 2004) while, disengaged students usually face the opposite situation as demonstrating low academic achievement and showing negative attitudes and behaviors. This paper will answer the following questions: 1) What different definitions on student engagement have been developed by researchers?
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