Abstract
Deficient, or non-linear hydrogen production is for the first time experimentally observed in large-scale planar Ni-YSZ/YSZ/LSM-YSZ steam electrolysis cells. The apparent coinciding of the concentration polarization and Faraday efficiency decrease at certain current density (−0.5Acm−2 or -0.6Acm−2 for selected steam content) indicates that steam starvation appears to affect the hydrogen production's linearity, which in essence the Ni/NiO redox process is believed to play a role in such normal SOEC operations. The SOEC survives 10h extreme polarization through electric conduction and oxygen vacancy transportation. Rational SOEC working mode is recommended accordingly. The present work is complementary for the general application of the Faraday's Law to estimate hydrogen production, and to further evaluate the SOEC's overall characteristics.
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