Deficiencia perinatal de hierro: Fisiopatología, diagnóstico y consecuencias para madres e infantes

Abstract

ADH is a public health problem that affects pregnant women in the perinatal period. The objective is to analyze perinatal iron deficiency: pathophysiology, diagnosis and consequences for mothers and infants. The methodology used was narrative, documentary and exploratory. It has been made exhaustive and comprehensive search for up-to-date information five years ago about the topic, in English and Spanish language platforms with scientific content according to the health field such as: OVID, SciELO, Lilacs, Dialnet, Redalyc, DOAJ, ERIC A total of 34 articles were consulted, of which 15 articles were selected for research that address the issue of iron deficiency as a cause of anemia in the perinatal period. They were appropriately cited, specifying each bibliographic source. Analyzing the studies by regions, it can be established that in the regions of North and Central America there is a higher prevalence of ADH in contrast to the South American region, it has a greater number of studies with a lower prevalence of ADH, generally presenting the following consequences low weight, maternal and infant mortality, premature birth, in studies the hemoglobin concentration is used as an indicator of ADH, establishing that the prevalence of ADH in infants is 57.35%, being higher than that of pregnant mothers, which is 44, 24%. It is necessary to interfere in medical care with monitoring and follow-up directed at priority and vulnerable groups to improve and maintain an optimal individual state of health.