Defensive proclivity of bacoside A and bromelain against oxidative stress and AChE gene expression induced by dichlorvos in the brain of Mus musculus

Renu Bist,D. K. Bhatt,Bharti Chaudhary

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83289-8

Renu Bist, D. K. Bhatt + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83289-8

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Abstract

The objective of current study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of bacoside A and bromelain against dichlorvos induced toxicity. The healthy, 6–8 weeks old male Swiss mice were administered in separate groups subacute doses of dichlorvos (40 mg/kg bw), bacoside A (5 mg/kg bw) and bromelain (70 mg/kg bw). In order to determination of oxidative stress in different groups, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyl content (PCC) were studied in the present investigation. Moreover, for toxic manifestation at molecular level the site-specific gene amplification of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) gene was studied in the brain. Nonetheless, the protective effects of bacoside A and bromelain were also evaluated on the TBARS, PCC and AChE gene. The exposure of dichlorvos leads to significant increase in TBARS level (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) and PCC. Besides, the decline in DNA yield, expression of amplified products of AChE gene was observed in the brain of dichlorvos treated group. The bacoside A and bromelain treatments significantly decreased the level of TBARS (p < 0.05, (p < 0.01) and PCC whereas, increase in the DNA yield and expression of amplified AChE gene products were observed in the brain compared to only dichlorvos treated mice. The overall picture which emerged after critical evaluation of results indicated that the dichlorvos induced oxidative stress and alteration in AChE gene expression showed significant improvement owing to the treatments of bacoside A and bromelain. Thus, bacoside A and bromelain are very effective in alleviating neurotoxicity induced by dichlorvos.

Highlights

An oxidation plays a key role in the energy metabolism for sustaining the life processes of the organisms
In bacoside A treated mice, level of TBARS decreased compared to control, dichlorvos treated and bromelain treated mice
Level of TBARS increased in bacoside A treated mice compared to those mice which were treated with a combination of bacoside A and bromelain (p < 0.01) and bacoside A and bromelain along with dichlorvos

Summary

Introduction

An oxidation plays a key role in the energy metabolism for sustaining the life processes of the organisms. Affected by dichlorovos in human lymphocytes[16] It is quite evident from the studies that dichlorvos damages DNA at cellular level. Bromelain has antioxidant property due to its potential to scavenge the free radicals and elevate the level of enzymatic and nonenzymatic a ntioxidants[20] It has been reported reverse the neurotransmitters level and the enzymes such as AChE, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) and serotonin in the kidneys after the dichlorvos e xposure[21]. It is quite established from the earlier studies that dichlorvos impairs neuronal functions and damage DNA due to oxidative stress. In the present investigation neuroprotective potential of bacoside A and bromelain is evaluated against dichlorvos induced toxicity with reference to oxidative stress and AChE gene expression, hitherto unreported in the literature

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