Defensive Mutualism in Microbial Symbiosis

Abstract

OVERVIEW OF MUTUALISTIC ASSOCIATIONS AND DEFENSE Introduction: Symbiosis, Defensive Mutualism, and Variations on the Theme, James F. White Jr. and Monica S. Torres Defensive Mutualism and Grass Endophytes: Still Valid after All These Years? Keith Clay Overview of Defensive Mutualism in the Marine Environment, Chares F. Wimpee, Elizabeth A. O'Grady, and Erika L. Olson PROKARYOTIC DEFENSIVE SYMBIONTS Microbial Symbionts for Defense and Competition among Ciliate Hosts, Hans-Dieter Gortz, Giovanna Rosati, Michael Schweikert, Martina Schrallhammer, Gen Omura, and Toshinobu Suzaki Bacterial Chemical Defenses of Marine Animal Hosts, Eric W. Schmidt Is the Vibrio fi scheri-Euprymna scolopes Symbiosis a Defensive Mutualism? Eric V. Stabb and Deborah S. Millikan Entomopathogenic Nematode and Bacteria Mutualism, Heather S. Koppenhofer and Randy Gaugler Interspecies Competition in a Bacteria-Nematode Mutualism, Nydia Morales-Soto, Holly Snyder, and Steven Forst Defensive Symbionts in Aphids and Other Insects, Kerry M. Oliver and Nancy A. Moran Fungus-Growing Ant-Microbe Symbiosis: Using Microbes to Defend Beneficial Associations within Symbiotic Communities, Michael Poulsen, Ainslie E. F. Little, and Cameron R. Currie EUKARYOTIC DEFENSIVE SYMBIONTS Chemical Defense in Lichen Symbioses, James D. Lawrey Arbuscular Mycorrhizae as Defense against Pathogens, Jose Manuel Garcia Garrido Evaluation of Mycorrhizal Symbioses as Defense in Extreme Environments, John Dighton Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis on Enhancement of Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses, Hinanit Koltai and Yoram Kapulnik Conifer Endophytes, Anna Maria Pirttila and Piippa R. Wali Diversity and Ecological Roles of Clavicipitaceous Endophytes of Grasses, Mariusz Tadych, Monica S. Torres, and James F. White Jr. Contributions of Pharmaceutical Antibiotic and Secondary Metabolite Discovery to the Understanding of Microbial Defense and Antagonism, Gerald Bills, David Overy, Olga Genilloud, and Fernando Pelaez FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES AS MODEL SYSTEMS TO UNDERSTAND DEFENSIVE MUTUALISM Extensions to and Modulation of Defensive Mutualism in Grass Endophytes, Thomas L. Bultman, Terrence J. Sullivan, Michael H. Cortez, Timothy J. Pennings, and Janet L. Andersen Conceptual Model for the Analysis of Plant-Endophyte Symbiosis in Relation to Abiotic Stress, Gregory P. Cheplick Habitat-Adapted Symbiosis as a Defense against Abiotic and Biotic Stresses, Rusty J. Rodriguez, Claire Woodward, Yong-Ok Kim, and Regina S. Redman Insect Herbivory and Defensive Mutualisms between Plants and Fungi, Alison J. Popay Fungal Endophytes: Defensive Characteristics and Implications for Agricultural Applications, Luis C. Mejia, Edward Allen Herre, Ajay P. Singh, Vartika Singh, Nicholi Vorsa, and James F. White Jr. Endophytic Niche and Grass Defense, Charles W. Bacon, Dorothy M. Hinton, and Anthony E. Glenn