Abstract
The data on the defensive mechanisms of a legume plant infected with nodule bacteria (rhizobia) have been summarized. The participation of plant defensive systems MTI (MAMP-triggered immunity) and ETI (effector-triggered immunity) in counteracting rhizobia invasion as probable pathogens into root tissues at the initial stages of organisms interaction, and later on as a regulating mechanism of root rhizobial infection is asserted. The plant ability to block rhizobia invasion into plant’s other organs (for instance, pea epicotyls) is stated. A notion of legume local and systemic resistance to rhizobial infection is proposed. In the first case rhizobia suppress immune response of plant root cells; in the second – enhance plant resistance to rhizobia. The role of Nod-factors of rhizobia (NFs) and interacting plant receptors in blocking root defensive reactions and triggering signal cascade within nodule organogenesis is considered. It is concluded that innate legume cell immunity actively participates in formation and functioning of legume-rhizobial symbiosis.
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