Abstract
This paper aims to discuss defense diplomacy efforts by TNI to strengthen the country existence. The world multipolarization put foreign policy into new challenges of world power distribution, non-boundary and not centered on two classical blocs (East and West). This condition requires the TNI to have an adaptive capacity related to the role and ability in responding to challenges in defense diplomacy tasks. There are 3 conclusions related to defense diplomacy in strengthening the existence of country. First, world multipolarization creates challenges to provide an opportunity for Indonesia to use it as an opportunity to build more constructive relationships in developing the country interests from the economic, socio-cultural and defense sectors. Second, actualization of defense diplomacy as a national policy must be consistent with country interests, especially in effort to maintain domestic stability which is closely related to regional situation. Third, several strategic partner countries of Indonesia need to receive comprehensively a systematic and programmed treatment in according with character of defense diplomacy, namely Confidence Building Measure (CBM), enhancement of defense capabilities and development of defense industry. Therefore, government needs to develop its relevance by exploring defense diplomacy as the spearhead to strengthen the existence of Indonesian nation and country. Keywords : Diplomacy, Multipolar, Defense, TNI DOI: 10.7176/IAGS/87-05 Publication date: October 31 st 2020
Highlights
The report of Tempo.co (2016) refer to BNPT data of January 2016 stated that 2.7 million Indonesians were involved in a series of terrorist attacks
It is not surprising that Indonesia become an important element for observers of world terrorism and radicalism (Mubarak, 2015: 78)
Political setting changes in Indonesia have led to a shift in counter-terrorism paradigm which no longer emphasizes on the war model, but puts forward the criminal justice model to put the National Police to response it
Summary
The report of Tempo.co (2016) refer to BNPT data of January 2016 stated that 2.7 million Indonesians were involved in a series of terrorist attacks. Since the early days of Indonesian independence, several groups of terrorism and separatism have emerged, including DI/TII, Revolutionary Government of Republic of Indonesia (PRRI), People's Struggle for Universe (Permesta), and Ratu Adil Armed Forces (APRA). These movements had the spirit to establish a new country or at least separate themselves from Indonesia. Indonesia Armed Forces (TNI) was appointed as the spearhead to deal with terrorism in these two incidents This reality was consistent with political system and centralized government system and the TNI placement becomes an important instrument to maintain the political stability and state security. The involvement of TNI to deal with terrorism is stated in Law No 34 of 2004 on the TNI to carry out Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW), which contains the obligation to overcome terrorism
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