Abstract
The aimof the paper: to identify promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of pathological processes development based on the red blood cell membrane morphology and nanostructure in patients with brain disorders in the Intensive Care Unit.Materials and methods. The study included 24 patients from the anesthesiology and resuscitation ward of the Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology. Blood was acquired from the patients for standard tests, and all further tests were performed in vitro. The images of red blood cells were obtained using the atomic force microscope «NTEGRA Рrima» (NT-MDT, Russia) in semi-contact mode.Results. Patients from the anesthesiology and intensive care ward with traumatic brain injury, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, cerebral edema, and post-hypoxic encephalopathy had different blood cell shapes and localized defects of different topology on the surface of erythrocyte membranes including defects of pallor, torus, and nanostructure.Conclusion. In this pilot study we have shown that several defects represent the trigger mechanisms for the development of a total membrane damage. Local topographic defects of nanostructures and abnormalities of erythrocyte morphology are irreversible. The number and quality of these abnormalities may eventually be used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of pathological processes.
Highlights
Одной из приоритетных проблем реаниматологии является исследование механизмов развития критических и терминальных состояний на органном, клеточном и молекулярном уровнях [1, 2]
Different shapes of red blood cells were observed in the patients included in the study (Table)
Codocytes are typical for alpha- and beta-thalassemia, hemoglobinopathy C and S, lead intoxication and liver disease, prolonged mechanical jaundice
Summary
Одной из приоритетных проблем реаниматологии является исследование механизмов развития критических и терминальных состояний на органном, клеточном и молекулярном уровнях [1, 2]. Связанных с изменением эритроцитов при терминальных состояниях, посвящен ряд исследований, проведенных на клеточном уровне [3], однако, вопрос об изменениях наноструктуры мембран эритроцитов при различных патологических состояниях остается открытым. При ряде состояний таких как ишемия, гипертония, атеросклероз в организме происходит кислородное голодание. Происходит изменение морфологии эритроцитов — пойкилоцитоз [4]. В ряде работ показано, что наноструктура мембран влияет на жесткость эритроцитов, а, следовательно, и на реологию крови в целом и на качество периферического кровотока [7]. Основным показателем функционирования эритроцита является стабильность наноструктуры мембраны на всех уровнях ее организации [8,9,10]
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