Abstract
Hydrogen concentration profiles in solids can be measured by the 1H( 15N, αγ) 12C resonance reaction down to 2 μm in steps of 10 nm. By improving the method it was possible to reduce the detection limit from 0.1 at.% to about 10–100 at. ppm. Thus even the low hydrogen concentration in iron and steel could be profiled and local enrichments detected. A search for local enrichment postulated by some hydrogen embrittlement theories was undertaken. Concentration profiles of trapped hydrogen in the as-delivered state and introduced by electrochemical charging under varying parameters were investigated as function of time and temperature for stainless steel, iron and σ-steel. Astonishingly high subsurface H-concentrations were detected in most materials in the as-delivered state. By means of hydrogen charging defects are created in annealed pure iron. Longer charging time and higher activity push the defects deeper into the material. Preliminary thermal release experiment indicated the presence of several deep traps with different binding energies for hydrogen.
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