Abstract
Manufacturing of ferritic stainless steels flat bars is an important industrial topic and the steel 1.4512 is one of the most commonly used grades for producing this component. In this paper, the origin of some edge defects occurring during hot rolling of flat bars of this grade is analyzed and thermomechanical and microstructural calculations have been carried out to enhance the quality of the finished products by reducing the jagged borders defect on hot rolled bars. An accurate investigation has been carried out by analyzing the defects on the final product from both the macroscopic and microstructural point of view through the implementation of thermomechanical and metallurgical models in a finite element (FE) MSC Marc commercial code. Coupled metallurgical and damage models have been implemented to investigate the microstructural evolution of ferritic grain size and material damaging. Three levels of prior ferritic grain size (PFGS) and three furnace discharge temperatures have been considered in the thermo-mechanical simulations of the roughing passes. Rheological laws for modeling the evolution of ferritic grain have been modified to describe the specific cases simulated. Results have shown that the defect is caused by processing conditions that trigger an anomalous heating which, in turn, induces an uncontrolled grain growth on the edges. The work-hardened and elongated grains do not recrystallize during hot deformation. Consequently, they tend to squeeze out the surrounding softer and recrystallized matrix towards the edges of the bar where the fractures that characterizes the surface defect occur.
Highlights
Owing to their lower cost with respect to austenitic stainless steels, ferritic stainless steels are more and more requested
Flat bar products made of this material can exhibit some defects such as jagged edges when subjected to hot rolling
A special focus has been set to the use of combined experimental and numerical analysis on materials and products, in particular on hot rolling of flat bars made in 1.4512 stainless steel
Summary
Owing to their lower cost with respect to austenitic stainless steels, ferritic stainless steels are more and more requested. They are nowadays used in many applications facing with strength/ductility requirements coupled with high targets of corrosion resistance [1]. They are employed in automotive [2], construction and building [3,4], energy [5,6], aeronautical [7], food [8], and 3D printing [9] applications. In order to study and identify the origin of this type of defect, a study on the rolling conditions of ferritic flat bars made of steel grade 1.4512 steel has been carried out
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