Abstract
The purpose of this article is to compare concepts of defect nucleation based on bifurcation of equilibrium solution and on damage modelling. The nucleation criterion is defined as a bifurcation of the equilibrium solutions of the perfect body and of the imperfect one when the size of the defect vanishes. The defect is considered as a small volume which evolves as a damaged zone. To study the influence of geometry of the defect on the critical loading governing its initiation, we consider the particular cases of a linear elastic composite sphere and of a linear elastic composite cylinder, for which the equilibrium solutions are known when the radial distribution of elastic bulk modulus is given simultaneously with a uniform shear modulus. The initial defect is a small sphere or a small cylinder, respectively, it can be a cavity or a kernel made with an elastic material with lower mechanical properties.
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