Abstract
Optical and magnetic properties of the perovskite barium niobate (BaNbO3) nanocubes are investigated before and after UV irradiation. The energy gap changes from 3.94 to 3.88 eV, and light absorption ability increases after UV irradiation. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra reveal that the BaNbO3 nanocubes contain oxygen vacancy. The BaNbO3 nanocubes show weak ferromagnetism, but the saturation magnetization is enhanced from 4.34 × 10–3 to 6.60 × 10–3 emu/g after UV irradiation. The calculations indicate that the ferromagnetism is due to two +2 charge oxygen vacancies (VO12+ – VO52+) which cause unpaired electrons around the oxygen vacancy occupying the d state of the nearest-neighbor Nb atom. The total magnetic moment increases from 0.942 to 1.76 μB owing to an increase of the concentration of the oxygen vacancy in BaNbO3. The theoretical consequence well matches the laboratorial result.
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