De-etymologisation as one of the varieties of change of the word morphological structure in the Mordovian languages

Abstract

Introduction. In the languages of different systems, there are many cases when the morphemic structure of a word is not clear. As a result of a comparative analysis of a word with etymologically related words and their reconstructed stems and meanings, single-morphemic, root and polymorphic words consisting of two or more morphemes are distinguished. Considering the nature of structural changes in a word and their nature in linguistics, there is simplification, re-decomposition, truncation of the stem and others. The article describes simplification, one of the most common processes of changing the morphological structure of a word based Mordovian (Moksha and Erzya) and Baltic-Finnish (Finnish and Estonian) languages. Materials and methods. The method of comparative historical analysis allows us to state that many Finno-Ugric foundations have retained the old morphological structure. After the collapse of the former linguistic unity for several millennia of independent development, significant changes took place in each of the languages that affected the morphological structure of the stem. Results and discussion. In connection with the morphological process of simplification, the structure of the primary Finno-Ugric stem of a number of words began to differ significantly from their structural design in the later periods of the development of the Finno-Ugric languages (Finno-Permian, Finno-Volga) and, moreover, their current state. This process covered a large number of the stems of the general vocabulary of the compared languages. All simplified stems can be attributed to different periods of language development. The connection of the ancient Finno-Ugric language with other languages led to numerous borrowings of tokens with which various morphological and morphological structures penetrated and gradually established themselves in the Finno-Ugric language. The latter partially adapted in the Finno-Ugric language system, and partially continued to maintain a special look. Conclusion. The morphological process of simplification took place at different periods in the development of the Mordovian and Baltic-Finnish languages, namely in the Finno-Ugric, Finno-Permian, Finno-Volga periods of their separate development.