Abstract

The selection of a prophylaxis regimen for total hip and knee arthroplasty represents a balance between efficacy and safety. Both traditional and new chemoprophylaxis regimens have been found to be both effective and safe in randomized clinical trials and cohort studies. The new American College of Chest Physicians guidelines recommend a variety of chemoprophylaxis agents after total joint arthroplasty. Chemoprophylaxis agents and mechanical compression devices should be used together during the hospital stay. In the future, risk stratification is necessary to select the prophylaxis regimen with the appropriate balance between efficacy and safety for a patient undergoing a specific operative procedure.

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