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Abstract
In the present study, we conducted an RNA-Seq analysis to characterize the genes and pathways involved in acute thermal and cold stress responses in the liver of black rockfish, a viviparous teleost that has the ability to cope with a wide range of temperature changes. A total of 584 annotated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in all three comparisons (HT vs NT, HT vs LT and LT vs NT). Based on an enrichment analysis, DEGs with a potential role in stress accommodation were classified into several categories, including protein folding, metabolism, immune response, signal transduction, molecule transport, membrane, and cell proliferation/apoptosis. Considering that thermal stress has a greater effect than cold stress in black rockfish, 24 shared DEGs in the intersection of the HT vs LT and HT vs NT groups were enriched in 2 oxidation-related gene ontology (GO) terms. Nine important heat-stress-reducing pathways were significantly identified and classified into 3 classes: immune and infectious diseases, organismal immune system and endocrine system. Eight DEGs (early growth response protein 1, bile salt export pump, abcb11, hsp70a, rtp3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) 24-hydroxylase, apoa4, transcription factor jun-b-like and an uncharacterized gene) were observed among all three comparisons, strongly implying their potentially important roles in temperature stress responses.
Highlights
Ecosystems are currently exposed to global warming and climate change
Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying temperature adaptation and thermal stress response in black rockfish
Our results showed that Blast2Go assigned 47,427 transcripts 56 functional gene ontology (GO) terms (Supplement 1b)
Summary
Ecosystems are currently exposed to global warming and climate change. One of the most direct impacts of climate change on the marine ecosystem affects fisheries. The identification of stress-responsive genes and pathways is the first step to reveal the fundamental mechanisms of the response to thermal stress and to predict the capacity of fish to adapt to climate changes. Black rockfish experience serious acute temperature stress which may cause heat shock, disease, and metabolic problems, especially reproduction problems. Previous studies on temperature stress in black rockfish have focused on the measurement of basic physiological and biochemical indexes[13,14,15] or the cloning and expression level detection of a few stress-related genes[16]. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying temperature adaptation and thermal stress response in black rockfish. RNA-Seq was performed on liver samples to characterize genes and pathways involved in temperature stress response in black rockfish. The temperature stress-induced genes identified in this study provide a valuable candidate gene list for the establishment of heat- or cold-resistant fish lines
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