Abstract
Core Ideas Residual mineral N in 0‐ to 210‐cm‐deep soil following summer crops was evaluated. Soils contained a mean of 253 kg ha−1 mineral N, 115 kg ha−1 as NO3–N. 55% of mineral N was 90‐ to 210‐cm deep, where it is most at risk for leaching loss. More residual NO3–N remained after soybean than after corn. Awareness of residual deep N levels is essential to develop N conservation practices. The amount of mineral N remaining after cash crops informs agronomic and conservation practices. Few studies investigate mineral N below 30 cm, yet deeper N is more at risk for leaching to groundwater. We found, on average, 253 kg ha−1 of mineral N, 115 kg ha−1 in the NO3–N form, remaining after summer cash crop growth in the mid‐Atlantic region. Of this residual mineral N, 55% was 90 to 210 cm deep. More residual NO3–N remained after soybean than after corn. These substantial pools of mineral N remaining deep in the soil profile after productive cash crops, even unfertilized soybean, suggest that practices should be designed to scavenge residual N from deep soil layers in the fall, before it is lost over winter.
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