Abstract
Deep-Sea Trenches of the Pacific Ocean: A Comparative Analysis of the Submarine Geomorphology Using Data Modeling by Gmt, Python and R
Highlights
THE focus of this dissertation is oceanic trenches, the deepest areas of the Earth
The results show that the southern part has deeper bathymetric values, vary in geomorphic structure and has steeper gradient slopes comparing to the north, which is caused by the seismicity, volcanism, geologic and tectonic settings
The results enabled to present classification of the trenches based on their geomorphic properties, variations in slopes, analysis of steepness gradients and bathymetry
Summary
Study object are 20 deep-sea trenches located along the margins of the Pacific Ocean (Fig. 1.0.1), Tab. 1.1.1. Geomorphological shape of the deep-sea trenches is highly variable (V-shaped, U-shaped, elongated to upside-down-ridgelike, circular-like, arcuate, symmetric of irregular: left- or right-sided), which is often related to the prevailing tectonic plate movements, geologic regime and substrate. Geomorphological evolution of the oceanic trenches in the Pacific Ocean is largely controlled by a variety of factors including geological settings, tectonic plate movements [180], [202], [432], geophysical processes [580], [221], [666], submarine volcanism [589], [433], inducing intensity of sedimentation [400] and marine biological factors contributing to the sediment supply. Earlier studies on oceanic trenches highlighted relationship between the geomorphic patterns of the deep-sea channels, submarine fans and their topography related to the mid-ocean ridge tectonics, volcanism and dynamics, for instance of the Philippine back arc [542]; [90]; [181]; [221]; [220], as well as earthquakes and gravitation [498]
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