Abstract
China is a big country in the production and consumption of rice in the world. However, for a long time, China's rice processing is only in the primary processing state that meets people's demand for rations, and the level of comprehensive utilization of deep processing and its by-products is low. This paper reviews the main raw and by-products of rice, such as rice protein, rice starch and by-products of rice processing (including broken rice, rice bran and rice husk), aiming to further improve the comprehensive utilization of rice resources and increase the added value of rice and its by-products to create more economic and social benefits. The vigorously developing and promoting the deep processing technology of rice and its by-products will extend the rice industry chain and greatly increasing the added value of rice, make full use of resources to supplement the shortage of high-quality edible oil, protein, starch and other products.
Highlights
The results showed that under the optimal conditions, the slow-digested starch content obtained by the pullulan debranching treatment was 50.1%, which was significantly higher than that of the slow-digested rice starch prepared by heat treatment
The protein content in rice is about 8%, and the protein content of rice slag, which is a by-product of the production of starch sugar by using early indica rice or broken rice as raw material, is up to 50%, which is a high-quality raw material for extracting rice protein [21]
Since gluten, which accounts for about 80% of rice protein, has high hydrophobicity, the solubility of rice protein is poor, and the functional properties such as emulsifying property, gelation property, and foaming property are unsatisfactory, which limits its applications in the food field [24]
Summary
With the application of biotechnology (including enzyme technology, fermentation technology, etc.), membrane separation technology, supercritical extraction technology, ultrafine pulverization technology and microcapsule technology in the development of grain, oil and food, it provides for deep processing of rice with modern means of production [5]. These high-tech ensure the nutrition, safety, hygiene and flavor of rice deep-processing products, and make comprehensive utilization of rice resources, so as to obtain good social and economic benefits [6]
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