Deep Neural Network-Based Method for Detecting Central Retinal Vein Occlusion Using Ultrawide-Field Fundus Ophthalmoscopy.

Daisuke Nagasato,Hiroki Enno,Masanori Niki,Tomoaki Sonobe,Hiroki Masumoto,Hitoshi Tabuchi,Naofumi Ishitobi,Masahiro Kameoka,Yoshinori Mitamura,Ken Hayashi,Hideharu Ohsugi

doi:10.1155/2018/1875431

Abstract

The aim of this study is to assess the performance of two machine-learning technologies, namely, deep learning (DL) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms, for detecting central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in ultrawide-field fundus images. Images from 125 CRVO patients (n=125 images) and 202 non-CRVO normal subjects (n=238 images) were included in this study. Training to construct the DL model using deep convolutional neural network algorithms was provided using ultrawide-field fundus images. The SVM uses scikit-learn library with a radial basis function kernel. The diagnostic abilities of DL and the SVM were compared by assessing their sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve for CRVO. For diagnosing CRVO, the DL model had a sensitivity of 98.4% (95% confidence interval (CI), 94.3–99.8%) and a specificity of 97.9% (95% CI, 94.6–99.1%) with an AUC of 0.989 (95% CI, 0.980–0.999). In contrast, the SVM model had a sensitivity of 84.0% (95% CI, 76.3–89.3%) and a specificity of 87.5% (95% CI, 82.7–91.1%) with an AUC of 0.895 (95% CI, 0.859–0.931). Thus, the DL model outperformed the SVM model in all indices assessed (P < 0.001 for all). Our data suggest that a DL model derived using ultrawide-field fundus images could distinguish between normal and CRVO images with a high level of accuracy and that automatic CRVO detection in ultrawide-field fundus ophthalmoscopy is possible. This proposed DL-based model can also be used in ultrawide-field fundus ophthalmoscopy to accurately diagnose CRVO and improve medical care in remote locations where it is difficult for patients to attend an ophthalmic medical center.

Highlights

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a vascular disease of the eye and a known cause of significant visual morbidity, including sudden blindness [1]
Image processing approaches using two machinelearning algorithms, namely, deep learning (DL) and support vector machines (SVMs), have retained investigator attention for years because of their extremely highperformance levels; increasing number of studies have assessed their applications in medical imaging [10,11,12,13,14]
Optos images of patients with acute central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and those without fundus diseases were extracted from the clinical database of the ophthalmology departments of the Tsukazaki Hospital, Tokushima University Hospital, and Hayashi Eye Hospital. ese images were reviewed by a retinal specialist and stored in an analytical database

Summary

Introduction

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a vascular disease of the eye and a known cause of significant visual morbidity, including sudden blindness [1]. E Optos can and noninvasively provide wide-field fundus images (Figure 1) without mydriatic agent use, and it has been used for diagnosing or monitoring multiple conditions and for treatment evaluation in peripheral retinal and vascular pathology [9]. Image processing approaches using two machinelearning algorithms, namely, deep learning (DL) and support vector machines (SVMs), have retained investigator attention for years because of their extremely highperformance levels; increasing number of studies have assessed their applications in medical imaging [10,11,12,13,14]. Erefore, in this study, we assessed the ability of a DL model to detect CRVO using Optos images and compared the results between DL- and SVM-based algorithms

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusions