Abstract
Characterizing ultrashort optical pulses has always been a critical but difficult task, which has a broad range of applications. We propose and demonstrate a self-referenced method of characterizing ultrafast pulses with a multimode fiber. The linear and nonlinear speckle patterns formed at the distal end of a multimode fiber are used to recover the spectral amplitude and phase of an unknown pulse. We deploy a deep learning algorithm for phase recovery. The diversity of spatial and spectral modes in a multimode fiber removes any ambiguity in the sign of the recovered spectral phase. Our technique allows for single-shot pulse characterization in a simple experimental setup. This work reveals the potential of multimode fibers as a versatile and multi-functional platform for optical sensing.
Highlights
Multimode fibers (MMFs) provide diverse degrees of freedom in space, spectrum, polarization, and time, enabling a wide range of applications beyond their traditional role in communication
We demonstrated that the intensity pattern formed by the interference of guided modes at the output of an multimode fiber (MMF) could be used to recover the spectral amplitude of input light.[5,6,7,8]
We demonstrate a novel method of characterizing spectral phases of ultrafast pulses with a multimode fiber (MMF)
Summary
Multimode fibers (MMFs) provide diverse degrees of freedom in space, spectrum, polarization, and time, enabling a wide range of applications beyond their traditional role in communication. The linear and nonlinear speckle patterns formed at the distal end of a multimode fiber are used to recover the spectral amplitude and phase of an unknown pulse. We can retrieve the relative phase of different spectral components of the pulse because those components interfere in the two-photon absorption process.
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