Abstract
Concrete exterior quality is one of the important metrics in evaluating construction project quality. Among the defects affecting concrete exterior quality, bughole is one of the most common imperfections, thus detecting concrete bughole accurately is significant for improving concrete exterior quality and consequently the quality of the whole project. This paper presents a deep learning-based method for detecting concrete surface bugholes in a more objective and automatic way. The bugholes are identified in concrete surface images by Mask R-CNN. An evaluation metric is developed to indicate the scale of concrete bughole. The proposed approach can detect bugholes in an instance level automatically and output the mask of each bughole, based on which the bughole area ratio is automatically calculated and the quality grade of the concrete surfaces is assessed. For demonstration, a total of 273 raw concrete surface images taken by mobile phone cameras are collected as a dataset. The test results show that the average precision (AP) of bughole masks is 90.8%.
Highlights
Concrete is the most widely used material in civil engineering structures
This paper has introduced a deep learning-based automatic instance-level evaluation method for detecting concrete surface bugholes more objectively and automatically
The analysis in the paper suggests that Mask R-Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)-based method prevails over traditional methods for analyzing concrete quality in several aspects
Summary
Concrete is the most widely used material in civil engineering structures. When the surface of a building is mainly composed of concrete, a high-quality exterior becomes an important factor of construction quality. Among the defects affecting the exterior quality, bughole is the most typical one [1]. A recent questionnaire indicates that the exterior of concrete is as important as cost-performance attributes and workability [2]. The consequences of bugholes could be serious if the concrete surfaces are to be painted or the damaged area reaches a certain threshold [3,4]. Related investigations have shown that bugholes on concrete surfaces affect the subsequent painting construction because these defects need to be filled before painting, which causes additional workload and cost [5]. Bugholes should be minimized during the construction process to improve the flatness and aesthetics of the concrete structure. Traditional detection methods rely on manual inspection [6,7], which is considered time-consuming and
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