Abstract
Efficient synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles has been achieved by three-component cyclocondensation of benzil or benzoin, an aldehyde, and ammonium acetate by use of an acidic catalyst. The catalyst is a deep eutectic mixture of choline chloride and oxalic acid that is non-toxic and biodegradable. Crucial advantages of this process are high yields, shorter reaction times, easy work-up, purification of products by non-chromatographic methods, and reusability of the catalyst.
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