Abstract
The article presents the results of the analysis of the deep deformations of the Amu Darya riverbed in the upper reaches of the low-pressure reservoir. The analysis of the combined transverse profiles of the riverbed in different sections of the upper reaches of the Takhiatash reservoir showed that the coastal zones are most intensively silted up. At the same time, the core zone with the highest flow rates is very weakly declared. The height of the silting layer along the length of the upper stream increases in the direction of the dam. The silting area extends upstream for a length 2-3 times longer than the length of the soundings section, which is 17.5 km. To ensure the normal operation of the hydraulic system, it is recommended that conditions should be created for a normal and stable approach of the flow to the hydraulic system, which should be ensured by maneuvering the shield holes. To do this, it is necessary to create conditions for the erosion of the left-bank spillway by increasing the water flow through the extreme left-bank discharge holes. Flushing of the upper left-bank section of the river should continue until the optimal width of the leading channel is reached, which provides the main flow of the stream in front of the structure. It is proved that the formation and development of sediment deposits on the right bank between sections 8-10 leads to a change in the flow correction and creates conditions for the formation of shoals in front of the regulator of the Kizketken channel, which can complicate the operation of the water intake zone. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the development of the right-bank channel, and the development of the channel should go from the main channel. As shown by monitoring operating mode Takhiatash waterworks, in the Takhiatash district waterworks intensive processes the channel formation, which has a strong influence on the operational mode of the dam, especially in the operation of the water intakes flushing of sediments, skip flood costs through the shields of the dam and the stability of structures.
Highlights
The object of the study is the upper stream of the Takhiatash hydroelectric complex, which was built in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya River in 1974 and is located 215 km from the former mouth of the Amu Darya River
The height of the silting layer along the length of the upper stream increases in the direction of the dam
The analysis of the combined transverse profiles of the riverbed in different sections of the upper reaches of the Takhiatash reservoir showed that the coastal zones would be silted up most intensively, while the core zone with the highest flow rates will be silted up very weakly
Summary
The object of the study is the upper stream of the Takhiatash hydroelectric complex, which was built in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya River in 1974 and is located 215 km from the former mouth of the Amu Darya River. As a result of silting and entering the upper stream, the volume of the useful volume of the reservoir decreases, and difficulties arise in the operation of the water intake structures of the hydroelectric complex [10–12]. This fact significantly complicates the operating conditions of the hydroelectric power plant. To date, made multiple field observations and offered many recommendations for improving slove operation, due to the change of operating mode tuyamuyunskoe reservoir and mode of the Amu Darya river, improving the degree of regulation of the upper reaches of the river, the depth of deformation of the river in the area of the object of study is unstable. The determination of the nature of deep deformations and the development of recommendations for improving the operating conditions of the hydroelectric power plant is defined as the main goal of this work [20–29]
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