Abstract
Single pixel imaging (SPI) combined with compressed sensing techniques can provide solutions for special optical imaging to avoid array detectors and raster scanning. However, the imaging speed should be further improved for real-time SPI and the challenge is to reduce the sampling time and post-processing time. This paper proposes a deep compressive and super-fast single pixel imaging protocol based on reordering Hadamard basis patterns and Fourier domain regularization inversion (FDRI) algorithm. Two reordered Hadamard basis patterns in terms of the improvement in the compressing ratio and reconstruction quality are proposed and compared to other methods. The deterministic Hadamard basis are reordered through their total variation (TV) in ascending order and total wavelet transformed coefficients (TW) in ascending order to have the best performance. Numerical simulation shows that this protocol can reconstruct a $128\times 128$ pixels natural image at the sampling ratio of 5% with the peak-signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 25.56 dB in 0.00039s. Terahertz near-field imaging experiment also verifies the proposed protocol. The inherent advantage and mechanism of reordering approaches are discussed and then revealed by comparing the coherent area generated by these reordered patterns. The TV order and TW order Hadamard basis patterns can be deterministically described mathematically and easily constructed. Meanwhile, it results in a significant improvement both in the compression ratio and image reconstruction quality. Finally, the realization this protocol in real SPI system in the future will bring the real-time SPI closer to practical applications.
Highlights
Single pixel imaging (SPI) technology, which enables to build compact, low-cost and fast imaging devices, has drawn more research attentions [1], [2]
Gaussian random matrix consists of decimals, it is always used in compressed sensing as sampling patterns and has a good performance [22], [23]
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION In this paper, we propose a deep compressive and super-fast single pixel imaging protocol based on reordering Hadamard basis patterns and Fourier domain regularization inversion (FDRI) reconstruction algorithm
Summary
Single pixel imaging (SPI) technology, which enables to build compact, low-cost and fast imaging devices, has drawn more research attentions [1], [2]. Combined with FDRI reconstruction method, a deep compressive (very low sampling ratio) and super-fast SPI protocol is achieved which can reconstruct a 128 × 128 image in a few microsecond at the sampling ratio below 5% Based on this protocol, the reconstructed images obtained from different reordered Hadamard matrices and Gaussian matrix through three image quality assessment indices are numerically compared to find the optimal sorting order and analyze the inherent physics nature. As shown, by using full sampling, the measured signals are sorted in a descending order of absolute value form |Y | for a 128 × 128 pixels sparse image(Fig.2(a) and Fig.2(c)-(d)) and a natural image (Fig.2(b) and Fig.2(d))), respectively It is called ‘‘power order’’ Hadamard basis. The second and third rows are the TV order and CC order Hadamard matrices and their basis patterns
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