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Abstract
ObjectivesAcute sleep deprivation (SD) seriously affects cognitive functions, such as attention, memory, and response inhibition. Previous neuroimaging studies have demonstrated a close relationship between the functional activities of the precuneus (PC) and the function of alert attention. However, the specific effect of the PC on attention decline after acute SD has not been elucidated. In this study, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study the relationship between the changes of the PC functional connectivity and alertness decline after total SD.MethodsThirty healthy, right-handed adult men participated in the experiment. Alert attention and functional connectivity were assessed by the Psychomotor Vigilance Test and a resting-state fMRI scan before and after total SD. The region of interest to region of interest (“ROI-to-ROI”) correlation was employed to analyze the relationship between the PC and other brain regions after acute SD.ResultsParticipants showed decreased alert attention after total SD. In addition, SD induced decreased functional connectivity between the right PC and the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG). Moreover, there was a significant correlation between the decreased PC functional connectivity and alertness decline after total SD.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the interruption of the connection between the right PC and the right MFG is related to the observed decline in alert attention after acute SD. These results provide evidence further elucidating the cognitive impairment model of SD.
Highlights
Modern society and occupational demands have led to increasing sleep deprivation (SD)
Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) monitoring data were statistically analyzed by paired sample t-test, identified significant differences in psychomotor vigilance before and after SD, especially in the mean response time, and the fastest 10% fastest response time (Fastest 10% RT), the slowest 10% fastest response time (Slowest 10% RT)
The functional connectivity between the bilateral PC and the whole-brain ROIs in the rested wakefulness (RW) and SD conditions is shown in Figures 1, 2
Summary
Modern society and occupational demands have led to increasing sleep deprivation (SD). Due to long and irregular working and studying hours, both adults and adolescents have been getting less sleep over the past three decades (Ford et al, 2015; Keyes et al, 2015; Sheehan et al, 2018; Hisler et al, 2019). About 35% of the population sleep less than 6 h/day due to tight work schedules and the use of electronic devices before bedtime. Short duration of sleep is significantly associated with increased mortality (Itani et al, 2017), and SD has significant effects on body function. SD is not a representation of SD and its associated functions; it is a combination of many harmful factors, such as prolonged insomnia and lack of sleep (Krause et al, 2017)
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